For example, suppose the analysis makes it apparent that the published research on people's sleep patterns has not adequately explored the connection between sleep and a particular factor (e.g., television-watching habits, indoor air quality). The literature review allows the researcher to argue a particular point through the evidence provided by the analysis. This analysis allows the researcher to point out what the field has frequently explored or, on the other hand, overlooked. They can then analyze the collected studies by finding and identifying patterns or themes that occur frequently. With a focus in mind, a researcher can collect studies that provide relevant information for that focus. A literature review, then, should center the literature collection around that focus. This sort of inquiry typically targets a particular phenomenon, population, or even research method to examine how different studies have looked at the same thing differently. Similar to a typical study, a literature review should have a research question or questions that analysis can answer. From that analysis, a literature review can suggest new inquiries to pursue. The only significant difference with a literature review treats existing literature as the research data to collect and analyze. Consider a literature review as a typical research publication presenting a study, its results, and the salient points scholars can infer from the study.
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